How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells similar? How are they different, in terms of complexity?
What are the differences in plant and animal cells?
What is the benefit of having membrane bound organelles?
How do cells relate to other levels in a biological system?

Topic:

Structure and Function

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Question 2

Read the article below. Use the information to complete this CER activity. Spontaneous generation is the belief that living things, such as flies, worms, and bacteria, came from rotten food or liquid. This belief was very common in the 1700 's and early 1800 's. Not all scientists believed that spontaneous generation was true. In 1668 , a scientist named Franceso Redi set up an experiment to test this idea. He thought that maggots grew on rotted meat because they hatched from eggs that were laid by flies. To set up his experiment, he took three glass jars and put meat in each jar. He left one jar totally uncovered. He covered one jar with gauze and the third jar with a regular metal jar cover. He left the jars in the same location for several days. The results: the meat in the uncovered jar was covered with maggots. The jar that was covered with gauze also contained maggots. The jar that was sealed with a cover had no maggots. In the 1860 's a French scientist named Louis Pasteur also wanted to test the idea of spontaneous generation. He believed that the organisms that caused food to rot must come from somewhere else, not the food itself. Pasteur decided to focus on the problem of certain liquids spoiling from bacteria. Pasteur designed an experiment to test his idea. He used two glass containers with broth in them. He used the same type of containers, the same type and amount of broth, open to the same air, and kept at the same temperature and light level. The only difference between his two containers was that bacteria could get into one container but not the other one. Pasteur needed to think of a way to allow bacteria into one container but not the other one. To do this, he used one container with a straight neck and one container with a curved neck. He thought that if there were bacteria in the air, they would fall into the straight-necked container and then into the broth, but would get trapped in the curved neck of the other container and not make it to the broth. He put the same kind and amount of broth in each container and then boiled each one in the same way for the same length of time. He did this to kill any bacteria that would already have been in the broth. The results: after several days, the broth in the straight-necked container was cloudy. He knew that meant that the broth was spoiled. The broth in the curve-necked container was clear. Question: The Cell Theory states that cells can come only from pre-existing cells. Do Redi's and Pasteur's experiments show this to be true? Claim:

Topic:

Structure and Function

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Question 3

Question 4 of 11 (1)

7 : 56

The first order of business when planning a basketball tournament is choosing when and where to host it. Be sure to pick a date that doesn't conflict with other events in your venue or other games in the area. Most organizations have online calendars that show their upcoming scheduled events to help you plan ahead. You should also consider the tournament format when choosing dates. If its purpose is to determine a league champion, then it has to take place at the end of the season. If it's a contained event, such as an invitational tournament, you can schedule it earlier in the season. Once you have the format and the date, book the space immediately. Which of the following statements is NOT supported by the passage? Invitational tournaments can happen at the beginning of the season League tournaments can take place at the start of the season Tournament dates should avoid conflicts with other events

Topic:

Structure and Function

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Question 4

Question 1 (3 points)\nStudents created the following model using paper plates, flat wooden sticks, cotton swabs and construction paper.\nWhich statement correctly uses the model to explain how mitosis maintains genetic continuity?\nWhen the nuclear membrane reforms in cell 5 , each nucleus becomes diploid in number.\nThe chromosomes in cell 1 are the same in cells 6 and 7.\nThe independent assortment that is represented in cell 2 ensures that cell 3 has the correct number.\nCrossing-over occurs in cell 4 , which increases the genetic diversity of cells 6 and 7.

Topic:

Structure and Function

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Question 5

Example Questions: The United States' policy of detaining terrorist suspects in Guantanamo Bay drew international criticism for their

use of English to interrogate suspects
incorporation of Islamic dietary restrictions
training of inmates to become citizens
indefinite hold without trial
failure ta feed and clothe the inmates

Topic:

Structure and Function

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Question 6

During photosynthesis in plants, what is the source of the carbon in the sugar molecule

(C_{6} H_{12} O_{6})

Carbon Dioxide in the air
Carbon Monoxide in the air
Carbon particles in the soil
Carbon particles in the water

Topic:

Structure and Function

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Question 7

3. What rwo structures make up a single replicated chromosome? 4. In Model 1. how many replicated chromosomes docs the ccll contain during prophase? Read This! Alleles are alternative forms of the same gene. For example. gene A may concain the informarion for fur color. Onc allele "A" may reult in whire fur, while the alrernative allele "a" may resule in black fur. Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes that contain the same genes, although cach chromosome in the homologous pair may have different alleles. 5. Ar which stage in meiosis I do the pairs of homologous chromosomes come togerhcr? 6. Once the chromosomes have formed a pair. what are thcy called? 7. At the end of meiosis 1. rwo cells have been produced. How many replicated chromosomes are in each of these cells? 2 chnovosones, I pair of chroularue 8. Cells with a full set of chromosomes are referred to as diploid or

2 n

, whereas cells with half the chromosomes are haploid or

n

. At which stage(s) of meiosis 1 are the cells diploid and at which stagc(s) are they haploid? 9. Which of the starements below correctly describes the relationship benween the cells at the end of relophase I and the original cell? a. The new cells have one copy of all of the genetic information in the original cell. 6. The new cells have two copies of all of the genetic information in the original cell. c. The new cells have one copy of half of the genetic information in the original cell. d. The new cells have rwo copies of half of the genctic information in the original cell 810. Considering the genetic makeup of the homologous pairs, will the cells at the end of telophase I be genetically identical to each other?

Topic:

Structure and Function

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Question 8

What are the exact steps of sensory transduction in a mechanoreceptor?

Topic:

Structure and Function

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Question 9

s 889 Cellular Energy What is an enzyme \& what is its function?

Topic:

Structure and Function

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Question 10

What is ATP , and how is it used in cell functions?

Topic:

Structure and Function

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Question 11

Question 3 (2 points) Listen Which of the following best describes how genes, DNA and chromosomes are related to each other? Sequences of DNA form chromosomes, and several chromosomes together form a gene. Sequences of genes for individual DNA nucleotides, and all the nucleotides are linked together to form a chromosome. Sequences of DNA form genes, and many genes together form chromosomes. Sequences of chromosomes are linked together to form genes, which are made of individual DNA nucleotides.

Topic:

Structure and Function

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Question 12

A pink-flowered plant is crossed with a white-flowered plant. What is the probability of producing:

A pink-flowered plant? $50%$
A red flowered plant?
A white flowered plant?
What cross will produce the most pink-flowered plants? Show a punnett square to support your answer.

Topic:

Structure and Function

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Question 13

In the Circular Flow model, which of the following would be considered a "service" by the government?