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Solution for Class 12, Biology, Biotechnology

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Let us now focus on the first instance of the construction of an artificial recombinant DNA molecule. The construction of the first recombinant DNA emerged from the possibility of linking a gene encoding antibiotic resistance with a native plasmid (autonomously replicating circular extra-chromosomal DNA) of Salmonella typhimurium. Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer accomplished this in 1972 by isolating the antibiotic resistance gene by cutting out a piece of DNA from a plasmid which was responsible for conferring antibiotic resistance. The cutting of DNA at specific locations became possible with the discovery of the so-called

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Biotechnology

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0 - R

patential favors the grop G microbrganis ms,

Aerobic
An a erobic
osmponilic
Haloplilic

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In which of the following foods, the precence of partulin has been detected?

apple cider and apple juice
Wheat
Cheese
Rice flour.

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In brtulism, the type of toxin secreted by bacteria is

Cxtotoxin
Enterrotoxin
Exotoxin
Neurotoxin

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The integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services'. 11. 1 PRINCIPLES OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

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Biotechnology

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Selection of recombinants due to inactivation of antibiotics is a cumbersome procedure because it requires simultaneous plating on two plates having different antibiotics. Therefore, alternative selectable markers have been developed which differentiate recombinants from non-recombinants on the basis of their ability to produce colour in the presence of a chromogenic substrate. In this, a recombinant DNA is inserted within the coding sequence of an enzyme,

β

-galactosidase. This results into inactivation of the gene for synthesis of this enzyme, which is referred to as insertional inactivation. The presence of a chromogenic substrate gives blue coloured colonies if the plasmid in the bacteria does not have an insert. Presence of insert results into insertional inactivation of the

β

-galactosidase gene and the colonies do not produce any colour. these are identified as recombinant colonies.

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The recombinant DNA technological processes have made immense impead in the area of healthcare by enabling mass production of safe and more effective therapeutic drugs. Further, the recombinant therapeutics do not induce unwanted immunological responses as is common in case of similar products isolated from non-human sources. At present, about 30 recombinant therapeutics have been approved for human-use the world over. In India. 12 of these are presently being marketed.

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H14. If gene of interest was inserted at Sal / site in pBR322 the resulting plasmid will confer resistance to

Ampicillin
Tetracycline
Kanamycin
Both (1) \& (3)

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Biotechnology is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products for human purposes. The term biotechnology was(coined by a Hungarian engineer Karl Ereky in

1919.

Modern biotechnology has started with two important technologies - genetic engineering and chemical. engineering. Today the application of biotechnology is so widespread that a series of derived terms like

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Question 10

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Ethical issue (B) Legal issue (C) Social issue

Only (A)
Only (B) and (C)
Only (C)
All (A), (B) and (C)

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Question 11

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Section - A Q.1 Select and witte the correct answer. 1. Sporodermismade up of.

Exospomtim and endosporium
Outer integuments and inner integument
Testa and formen
Fxine and Intine

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Biotechnology

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Question 12

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|Marks7| (1) 2. Scminal fluid is. in nature 1) Asidic

Neutral::Sugary
Alkaline

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Question 13

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Section - A Q.1 Select and witte the correct answer. 1. Sporodermismade up of.

Exospomtim and endosporium
Outer integuments and inner integument
Testa and formen
Fxine and Intine

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Biotechnology

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Question 14

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|Marks7| (1) 2. Scminal fluid is. in nature 1) Asidic

Neutral::Sugary
Alkaline

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Biotechnology

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Question 15

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1 Select and wrife the correct answer: |Marks 7] 1. Sporoderm is made up of.

Exosportum and endosporium
Outer integuments and inner integument
Testa and Tegmen
Exineand Intine

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Biotechnology

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Question 16

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Controlled breeding experiments are carried out using artificial insemination, which one is not true for that process -

Semen is collected from the male and injected into the reproductive tract of the selected female by the breeder.
Semen may be used immediately or can be frozen and used at a later date.
It can be transported in frozen form to where the female is housed.
It helps us to overcome several problems of abnormal mating.

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Biotechnology

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Question 17

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For induction of alicn DNA in host cell we may

t

Gene gun
Micro-pip

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Biotechnology

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Question 18

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Oreanic crolution was preceded by chemical evolv of this theory are

A.I. Oparin and J.B.S. Haldane
Amhenius
Charles Dar

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Biotechnology

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Question 19

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I certain cases for carly and accurate defection of di

(A) BL ISA (D) Baptiste Lal

Culture
Chemical
Analytical

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Question 20

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Tubervelosis is transmitted by- (A) Air 70. Restriction enzymies are known as

Insect
Biological guns
Molecular scis
Plasmid
Micro Pipette

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