Question 1

Match the following columns.

Accepted Answer

(c) 1. Fast muscle fibres contract spontaneously and reach anaerobic conditions in shorter time, so as to accumulate lactic acid faster in the muscles. 2. Slow muscle fibres have better ability to endure, as they are resistant to fatigue and contract slowly, it is because, of accumulation, of large amount, of myoglobin in them. 3. Actin filament form the isometric band in the muscle fibre because it is the only this actin protein which is present in that region.4. Sarcomere is the contractile unit of skeletal muscle.

Question 2

Ribs are attached to

Accepted Answer

Sternum: This is a flat bone present just beneath the skin in the middle of the chest. It is about 15 cm long. It consist of three parts, i.e., manubrium the upper most part, body the middle portion and xiphoid process is the tip of the bone.The true ribs (7 pairs) are attached to the sternum. While the, scapula and clavicle together constitute to form pectoral girdle, and Ilium is a part of pelvic girdle.

Question 3

What is the type of movable joint present between the atlas and axis?

Accepted Answer

(a) Pivot joint is the joints found between the atlas and axis and between the radius and ulna just below the elbow .This joint allows the movement in only one plane. In a pivot joint, rounded or pointed bone fits into a shallow depression of another bone.Whereas, saddle joint provides free movement in two planes back-forth and side to side. The projection of one bone fits in saddle-shaped depression of another bone. The joint between the carpel and meta carpel of thumb in the hand is an example of saddle joint.Hinge joint allows movement primarily in one plane. In a hinge joint reel (spoon) like surface of one bone fits into the concave surface of another bone for example the elbow, the knee, ankle etc. Gliding joint also known as plane joint, it is a common type of synovial joint formed between bones that meet at flat or nearly flat articulating surface examples of gliding joint include carpel bones of the wrist and joint between the carpel and meta carpel of the palm.

Question 4

ATPase of the muscle is located in

Accepted Answer

The globular head of myosin in muscle is an active ATPase enzyme having binding sites for ATP and active site for actin.While the ATPase is not found in actinin, troponin or actin of muscle fibre.

Question 5

Intervertebral disc is found in the vertebral column of

Accepted Answer

(c) Intervertebral disc is found in the vertebral column of mammals. These are present between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae from second cervical vertebra to the sacrum. Each disc consist of an outer fibrous ring made of fibrocartilage and an inner soft pulpy, highly elastic substance.This disc are majorly involved in formation of strong joints that permits various movements of the vertebral column and absorb vertical shocks.Intervertebral disc is not found in the vertebral column of birds reptiles or amphibians.

Question 6

Which one of the following is showing the correct sequential order of vertebrae in the vertebral column of human beings?

Accepted Answer

The correct sequence showing the vertebral column of human being isCervical — thoracic — lumbar — sacral — coccygeal Whereas, the other sequential order of vertebrae are wrong.

Question 7

Which one of the following pair is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

(a) The joint present between humerus and pectoral girdle is ball and socket joint. Hinge joint is present between atlas and axis not between humerus and pectoral girdle. The elbow, knee, ankle and interphalangeal joints are the examples of hinge joints. Rest of the pair are correct regarding to the presence of joints.

Question 8

Knee joint and elbow joints are examples of

Accepted Answer

(d) Knee joint and elbow joints are examples of hinge joints.Hinge joint allows movement primarily in one plane. In a hinge joint reel (spoon) like surface of one bone fits into the concave surface of another bone for example the elbow, the knee, ankle etc.

Question 9

Macrophages and leucocytes exhibit

Accepted Answer

(c) Some specialised cells in blood like macrophages and leucocytes exhibit amoeboid movement. They have the ability to reach the interstitial fluid by squeezing through the thin walls of blood vessels, while ciliary movement flagellar movement or gliding movement are not shown by macrophages and leucocytes.

Question 10

Which one of the following is not a disorder of bone?

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis also known as arteriosclerosis vascular disease, where arteries wall get thickens as a result of invasion and accumulation of WBC, containing both livings active WBCs (white blood cells) and remnants of dead WBC's along with cholesterol and triglycerides. Remaining diseases, i.e., arthritis, osteoporosis and rickets are bone disorders.

Question 11

Which one of the following statement is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscles are ‘involuntary’ and non-striated muscles as they cannot be controlled directly like that of skeletal muscles which are voluntary, controlled and possess striations. They, inner walls of alimentary canal are non-striated and involuntary muscles. Rest other statements are correct.

Question 12

Which one of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

(b) Head of humerus bone articulates with the glenoid cavity of pectoral girdle. This articulation results in the formation of ball and socket joints, e.g., ball and socket joints present in shoulder while other statement are incorrect.

Question 13

Muscles with characteristic striations and involuntary are

Accepted Answer

(b) Cardiac muscle fibres are supplied with both central and autonomic nervous system and are not under the control of the will of the animal, i.e., they are involuntary. These muscles possess striation but they never get fatigued as the myofibrils of heart have transverse faint dark and light bands which alternate with each other giving them striped appearance. While muscles of the wall of alimentary canal are smooth muscle, i.e., non-striated and involuntary, muscle assisting locomotion, i.e., skeletal muscles are striated and voluntary and muscles of eyelid are involuntary but striations muscles this the other options are wrong.

Question 14

Match the following columns.

Accepted Answer

A. → (4) B. → (3) C. → (1) D. → (2).Sternum is a flat bone present just under beneath the skin in the middle of the front of the chest.Glenoid Cavity: is the depression which articulates with the head of the humerus to form the ball and socket joint in pectoral girdle. Freely Movable Joints are characterised by the presence of a fluid filled synovial cavity between the articulating surface of the two bones. This fluids represents the synovial fluid, e.g., in gliding and hinge joints. Cartilagenous Joints are present between the adjacent vertebrae in the vertebral column.

Question 15

Name the cells/tissues in human body which (a) exhibit amoeboid movement (b) exhibit ciliary movement

Accepted Answer

(a) Macrophages and leucocytes in blood exhibit amoeboid movement. Cytoskeletal elements like microfilaments are also involved in amoeboid movement. (b) Ciliary Movement: These types of movements occurs mostly in the internal organs, which are lined by the ciliated epithelium. e.g., cilia in trachea helps in removing dust particle and foreign substances inhaled along with atmospheric air. Passage of ova through the female reproductive tract is also facilitated by the ciliary movement. This is due to the presence of ciliated epithelium in the Fallopian tube.

Question 16

Locomotion requires a perfect coordinated activity of muscular ......... systems.

Accepted Answer

Locomotion requires a prefect coordinated activity of muscular, skeletal and neural systems.

Question 17

Sarcolemma, sarcoplasm and sarcoplasmic reticulum refer to particular type of cell in our body. Which is this cell and to what parts of that cell do these names refer to?

Accepted Answer

There parts belongs to the muscle fibre, which is lined by the plasma membrane called sarcolemma. Muscle fibre is a syncitium because sarcoplasm (the cytoplasm) of muscle fibre contains number of nuclei and sarcoplasmic reticulum is the endoplasmic reticulum of the muscle fibre and is the store house of calcium ions.

Question 18

Label the different components of actin filament in the diagram given below

Accepted Answer

Representing different component of actin filament

Question 19

The three tiny bones present in middle ear are called ear ossicles. Write them in correct sequence beginning from ear drum.

Accepted Answer

Each middle ear contains three tiny bones, named, i.e., malleus, incus and stapes which are collectively called as ear ossicles.

Question 20

What is the difference between the matrix of bones and cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Difference between the matrix of bones and cartilage

Chapter 20 : Locomotion and Movement