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Simple tissues are these

A
Parenchyma, Xylem and collenchyma

B
Parenchyma, collenchyma and Sclerenchyma

C
Parenchyma, Xylem and Sclerechyma

D
Parenchyma, Xylem and Phloem

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Parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma are called simple tissues as they are made up of a single type of cells. Vascular tissue is a complex tissue because it is heterogeneous in nature with different types of cells. The chief elements are xylem, phloem and pericycle.
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he medium travels through the medium and not the particles of the medium. A wave is a disturbance that moves hrough a medium when the particles of the edium set neighbouring particles into motion. They in turn produce similar motion others. The particles of the medium do not ove forward themselves. but the turbance is carried forward. This is what ppens during propagation of sound in a dium, hence sound can be visualised as a ve. Sound waves are characterised by the tion of particles in the medium and are ed mechanical waves. Air is the most common medium through ch sound travels. When a vibrating object es forward, it pushes and compresses the n front of It creating a region of high sure. This region is called a compression as shown in Fig. 12.5. This compression to move away from the vibrating object. the vibrating object moves backwards. ates a region of low pressure called ction (R), as shown in Fig. 12.5. As the moves back and forth rapidly, a series pressions and rarefactions is created air. These make the sound wave that gates through the medium. ession is the region of high pressure faction is the region of low pressure. is related to the number of particles fum in a given volume. More density articles in the medium gives more - and vice versa. Thus, propagation can be visualised as propagation of ariations or pressure variations in am. brating object creating a series of Dressions (C) and rarefactions (0) in edium. uestion 1. How does the sound a med a vibrating object in a reach your ear? To electric connection Switch Cork Bell Jar Electronic bell 12.2.1 SOUND NEEDS A MEDIUM TO TRAV Sound is a mechanical wave and needs material medium like air, water, steel the 1222 SOUND WAVES ARE LONGITUDINAL Its propagation. It cannot travel throu vacuum, which can be demonstrated by the G WAVES following experiment. Take an electric bell and an airtight bell jar. The electric bell is suspended insid the airtight bell jar. The bell jar is connected to a vacuum pump, as shown in Fig. 125 you press the switch you will be able to br the bell Now start the vacuum pump. Wh the air in the jar is pumped out gradua the sound becomes fainter, although same current is passing through the be After some time when less air is left tosi the bell Jar you will hear a very feeble sound What will happen if the air is remove completely? Will you still be able to heat the sound of the bell? nestions 1. Explain hour sound is produced by your school bell 2. Why are sound waves called mechanical waves? Soon 3. Suppose you and your friend are on the moon. Will you be able to hear any sound produced by your friend? SOUND Activity 12.4 Take a slinky. Ask your friend to hold one end. You hold the other end. Now stretch the sinky as shown in Fle 127 (a). Then give it a sharp push towards your friend What do you notior? If you move your hand pushing and pulling the slinky alternatively, what will you observe? If you mark a dot on the slinky, you will observe that the dot on the slinky will move back and forth parallel to the direction of the propagation of the disturbance. (a) 000000 RCRCRCRC (24 Fig. 12.7: Longitudinal wave in a slinky The regions where the colls become closer are called compressions (C) and the regions where the colls are further apart are called rarefactions (R) As we already know, sound To vacus p propagates in the medium as a series of compressions and rarefactions. Now, we can compare the propagation of disturbance in a Fig. 12.6: Bell jar experiment showing sound a slinky with the sound propagation in the travel in vacuum medium. These waves are called longitudinal waves. In these waves the Individual particles of the medium move in a direction parallel to the direction of propagation of the disturbance The particles do not move from one place to another but they simply oscillate back and forth about their position of rest. This is exactly how a sound wave propagates. hence sound waves are longitudinal waves. There is also another type of wave, called a transverse wave. In a transverse wave particles do not oscillate along the direction of wave propagation but oscillate up and down about their mean position as the wave travels. Thus, a transverse wave is the one in which the individual particles of the medium move about their mean positions in a direction perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. When we drop a pebble in a pond, the waves you see on the water surface Is an example of transverse wave. Light is a transverse wave but for light, the oscillations are not of the medium particles or their pressure or density- it is not a mechanical Iwave. You will come to know more about transverse waves in higher classes. 12.2.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF A SOUND WAVE We can describe a sound wave by its frequency . amplitude and speed. A sound wave in graphic form is shown in Fig. 12.8(c), which represents how density and pressure change when the sound wave moves in the medium. The density well as the pressure of the medium at a given time. varies with distance, above and below the average value of density and pressure. Fig. 12.8(a) and Fig 12.8(b) represent the density and pressure variations, respectively as a sound wave propagates in the medium Compressions are the regions wher particles are crowded together am represented by the upper portion of the cur in Fig. 12.8(c). The peak represents the regle of maximum compression. Thu compressions are regions where density N 163
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Question Text
Simple tissues are these
TopicTissues
SubjectScience
ClassClass 9
Answer TypeText solution:1
Upvotes132