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Class 12 Physics Modern Physics Nuclei

Which among the three causes the least biological damage externally?

Solution: Among

γ, α

and

β

radiation, alpha

(α)

radiation uses the least biological damage externally.

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Similar topics

solid and semiconductor devices

nuclear physics

electrons and photons

atomic physics

dual nature of radiation and matter

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solid and semiconductor devices

nuclear physics

electrons and photons

atomic physics

dual nature of radiation and matter

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A radioactive isotope has a half-life of

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years. How long will it take the activity to reduce to (a)

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The normal activity of living carbon-containing matter is found to be about 15 decays per minute for every gram of carbon. This activity arises from the small proportion of radioactive

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Name the radiation B which is unaffected by the electrostatic field.

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When charcoal is prepared from a living tree, it shows a disintegration rate of 15.3 disintegration of

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^{14} C

activity to be 12.3 disintegration per gram per minute . how old is this sample? half-life of

^{14} C

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1000 M W

fission reactor consumes half of its fuel in

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_{92}^{235} U

did it contain initially? Assume that the reactor operates

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of the time, that all the energy generated arises from the fission of

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and that this nuclide is consumed only by the fission process.

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Suppose India had a target of producing by 2020 AD, 200,000 MW of electric power, ten percent of which was to be obtained from nuclear power plants. Suppose we are given that, on an average, the efficiency of utilization (i.e. conversion to electric energy) of thermal energy produced in a reactor was 25%. How much amount of fissionable uranium would our country need per year by 2020? Take the heat energy per fission of

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to be about 200 MeV.

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Under certain circumstances, a nucleus can decay by emitting a particle more massive than an

α

-particle. Consider the following decay processes:

_{88}^{223} R a \to_{82}^{209} P b +_{6}^{14} C

_{88}^{223} R a \to_{86}^{219} R n +_{2}^{4} H e

Calculate the Q-values for these decays and determine that both are energetically allowed.

play button image

Consider the fission of

_{92}^{238} U

by fast neutrons. In one fission event, no neutrons are emitted and the final end products, after the beta decay of the primary fragments, are

_{58}^{140} C e

_{44}^{99} R u

. Calculate Q for this fission process. The relevant atomic and particle masses are:

m (_{92}^{238} U) = 238.05079 u

m (_{58}^{140} C e) = 139.90543 u

m (_{44}^{99} U) = 98.90594 u

.

play button image

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Copyright FILO EDTECH PVT. LTD. 2021