Question 1

What do you learn from identification of individuals and populations?

Accepted Answer

It determines the correct place of an organism in a previously established plan of classification.

Question 2

Given below is the scientific name of mango. Identify the correctly written name :
(i) Mangifera Indica (ii) Mangifera indica

Accepted Answer

Mangifera indica

Question 3

Define a taxon. Give some examples of taxa at different hierarchical levels.

Accepted Answer

In classification, hierarchy of many steps are involved where each step represents a rank or category. Each category basically represents a rank and usually called an taxon.

Question 4

Can you identify the correct sequence of taxonomical categories?
(a) Species → Order → Phylum → Kingdom
(b) Genus → Species → Order → Kingdom
(c) Species → Genus → Order → Phylum

Accepted Answer

(c) Species → Genus → Order → Phylum

Question 5

Try to collect all the currently accepted meanings for the word "species". Discuss with your teacher the meaning of species of higher plants and animals on one hand and bacteria on other hand.

Accepted Answer

Species is a group of individuals in plants as well as animals which resemble closely in structure as well as in functions.
Species may be defined as population of individuals with similar structural and functional characteristics, which have common ancestry and in nature breed only with each other.
To understand better about meaning of species of higher organisms and bacteria, study Kingdom Monera, Kingdom Plantae and Kingdom Animalia of Five Kingdom System of Classification in Chapter 2.

Question 6

Define and understand the following terms :
(a) Phylum
(b) Class
(c) Family
(d) Order
(e) Genus

Accepted Answer

(i) Phylum- Phylum is a level of taxonomic rank that exists below the kingdom and above the class.  e.g. phylum chordata. Equivalent of phylum is division in plant kingdom.
(ii) Class- A class is a taxonomic rank that exists below the phylum and above the order.  e.g. class mammalia, class aves.
(iii) Family-  Family is a taxonomic rank in biological classification that exists below order and above genus. e.g. family hominidae
(iv) Order- Order is a taxonomic rank that exists below class and above family. e.g. order primates.
(v) Genus- Genus is a taxonomic rank in the biological classification that exists below family and above species. e.g. homo

Question 7

How is key helpful in the identification and classification of an organism?

Accepted Answer

A key provides a convenient way for easy identification of an organism by applying diagnostic or distinguishing characters.

Question 8

As we go from species to kingdom in a taxonomic hierarchy, the number of common characteristics:

Accepted Answer

(a) Will decrease

Question 9

Which of the following 'suffixes' used for units of classification in plants indicates a taxonomic category of 'family'?

Accepted Answer

(c) − Aceae

Question 10

The term 'systematics' refers to:

Accepted Answer

(c) Diversity of kinds of organisms and their relationship

Question 11

Genus represents:

Accepted Answer

(c) Group of closely related species of plants or animals

Question 12

The taxonomic unit 'Phylum' in the classification of animals is equivalent to which hierarchial level in classification of plants :

Accepted Answer

(c) Division

Question 13

Botanical gardens and zoological parks have :

Accepted Answer

(c) Collection of endemic and exotic living species

Question 14

Taxonomic key is one of the taxonomic tools in the identification and classification of plants and animals. It is used in the preparation of

Accepted Answer

(c) Both a & b

Question 15

All living organisms are linked to one another because

Accepted Answer

(d) All of above

Question 16

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of living organisms?
(a) Growth
(a) Ability to make sound
(a) Reproduction
(a) Response to external stimuli

Accepted Answer

(a) Response to external stimuli

Question 17

Match the following and choose the correct option:
(A) Family - i. tuberosum
(B) Kingdom - ii. Polymoniales

Accepted Answer

(A) Family

Question 18

Linneaus is considered as Father of Taxonomy. Name two other botanists known for contribution in the field of plant taxonomy?

Accepted Answer

(i) George Bentham and J. D. Hooker gave important system of classification of angiosperms.
(ii) Eichler gave famous phylogenetic system of classification.

Question 19

Couplet in taxonomic key means:

Accepted Answer

Contrasting characters.

Question 20

What is a monograph?

Accepted Answer

A monograph bears descriptive information on any one taxon.

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Solutions for Biology-for-NEET-Volume-2-Class-XII by Career Point, The Living World

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