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Why are xylem and phloem called as complex tissues?
Biology
Biology

Class 11

NCERT

Publisher:
NCERT
Subject:
Biology
1

Chapter 1: The Living World

11 questions

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2

Chapter 2: Biological Classification

12 questions

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3

Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom

12 questions

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4

Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom

15 questions

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5

Chapter 5: Morphology of Flowering Plants

15 questions

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6

Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants

12 questions

Q1
The transverse section of a plant material shows the following anatomical features:
(a) The vascular bundles are conjoint, scattered and surrounded by a sclerenchymatous bundle sheaths. 
(b) Phloem parenchyma is absent. 
What will you identify it as?
Q2
Why are xylem and phloem called as complex tissues?
Q3
What is stomatal apparatus? Explain the structure of stomata with a labelled diagram.
View all question
7

Chapter 7: Structural Organization in Animals

14 questions

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8

Chapter 8: Cell: The Unit of Life

14 questions

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9

Chapter 9: Biomolecules

15 questions

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10

Chapter 10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division

16 questions

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11

Chapter 11: Transport in Plants

16 questions

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12

Chapter 12: Mineral Nutrition

10 questions

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13

Chapter 13: Photosysnthesis in Higher Plants

9 questions

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14

Chapter 14: Respiration in Plants

12 questions

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15

Chapter 15: Plant Growth and Development

11 questions

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16

Chapter 16: Digestion and Absorption

15 questions

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17

Chapter 17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases

14 questions

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18

Chapter 18: Body Fluids and Circulation

14 questions

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19

Chapter 19: Excretory Products and their Elimination

12 questions

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20

Chapter 20: Locomotion and Movement

10 questions

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21

Chapter 21: Neural Control and Coordination

12 questions

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22

Chapter 22: Chemical Coordination and Integration

9 questions

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Question
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Why are xylem and phloem called as complex tissues?

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Biology (NCERT)

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Xylem and phloem are known as complex tissues as they are made up of more than one type of cells. These cells work in a coordinated manner, as a unit, to perform the various functions of the xylem and phloem.
Xylem helps in conducting water and minerals. It also provides mechanical support to plants. It is made up of the following components:
• Tracheids (xylem vessels and xylem tracheids)
• Xylem parenchyma
• Xylem fibres
Tracheids are elongated, thick-walled dead cells with tapering ends. Vessels are long, tubular, and cylindrical structures formed from the vessel members, with each having lignified walls and large central cavities. Both, tracheids and vessels lack protoplasm. Xylem fibres consist of thick walls with an almost insignificant lumen. They help in providing mechanical support to the plant. Xylem parenchyma is made up of thin-walled parenchymatous cells that help in the storage of food materials and in the radial conduction of water.
Phloem helps in conducting food materials. It is composed of:
• Sieve tube elements
• Companion cells
• Phloem parenchyma
• Phloem fibres
Sieve tube elements are tube-like elongated structures associated with companion cells. The end walls of sieve tube elements are perforated to form the sieve plate. Sieve tube elements are living cells containing cytoplasm and nucleus. Companion cells are parenchymatous in nature. They help in maintaining the pressure gradient in the sieve tube elements. Phloem parenchyma helps in the storage of food and is made up of long tapering cells, with a dense cytoplasm. Phloem fibres are made up of elongated sclerenchymatous cells with thick cell walls.
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The transverse section of a plant material shows the following anatomical features:
(a) The vascular bundles are conjoint, scattered and surrounded by a sclerenchymatous bundle sheaths. 
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What will you identify it as?
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Why are xylem and phloem called as complex tissues?
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What is stomatal apparatus? Explain the structure of stomata with a labelled diagram.
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Question Text
Why are xylem and phloem called as complex tissues?
TopicAnatomy of Flowering Plants
SubjectBiology
ClassClass 11
Answer TypeText solution:1
Upvotes96